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https://github.com/cirosantilli/linux-kernel-module-cheat.git
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522 lines
35 KiB
HTML
522 lines
35 KiB
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<meta name="description" content="The perfect emulation setup to study and develop the <<linux-kernel>> v5.9.2, kernel modules, <<qemu-buildroot-setup,QEMU>>, <<gem5-buildroot-setup,gem5>> and x86_64, ARMv7 and ARMv8 <<userland-assembly,userland>> and <<baremetal-setup,baremetal>> assembly, <<c,ANSI C>>, <<cpp,C++>> and <<posix,POSIX>>. EVERYTHING is built from source. <<gdb>> and <<kgdb>> just work. Powered by <<about-the-qemu-buildroot-setup,Buildroot>> and <<about-the-baremetal-setup,crosstool-NG>>. Highly automated. Thoroughly documented. Automated <<test-this-repo,tests>>. "Tested" in an Ubuntu 20.04 host.">
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<title>Linux Kernel Module Cheat</title>
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</head>
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<body id="free-arm-implementations" class="article">
|
||
<div id="header">
|
||
<h1>Linux Kernel Module Cheat</h1>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="content">
|
||
<div class="sect3">
|
||
<h4 id="free-arm-implementations"><a class="anchor" href="#free-arm-implementations"></a><a class="link" href="#free-arm-implementations">30.1.2. Free ARM implementations</a></h4>
|
||
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
<p>The ARM instruction set is itself protected by patents / copyright / whatever, and you have to pay ARM Holdings a licence to implement it, even if you are creating your own custom Verilog code.</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
<p>ARM has already sued people in the past for implementing ARM ISA: <a href="http://www.eetimes.com/author.asp?section_id=36&doc_id=1287452" class="bare">http://www.eetimes.com/author.asp?section_id=36&doc_id=1287452</a></p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
<p><a href="http://semiengineering.com/an-alternative-to-x86-arm-architectures/" class="bare">http://semiengineering.com/an-alternative-to-x86-arm-architectures/</a> mentions that:</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="quoteblock">
|
||
<blockquote>
|
||
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
<p>Asanovic joked that the shortest unit of time is not the moment between a traffic light turning green in New York City and the cab driver behind the first vehicle blowing the horn; it’s someone announcing that they have created an open-source, ARM-compatible core and receiving a “cease and desist” letter from a law firm representing ARM.</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</blockquote>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
<p>This licensing however does have the following fairness to it: ARM Holdings invents a lot of money in making a great open source software environment for the ARM ISA, so it is only natural that it should be able to get some money from hardware manufacturers for using their ISA.</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
<p>Patents for very old ISAs however have expired, Amber is one implementation of those: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amber_%28processor_core%29" class="bare">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amber_%28processor_core%29</a> TODO does it have any application?</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
<p>Generally, it is mostly large companies that implement the CPUs themselves. For example, the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple_A12">Apple A12 chip</a>, which is used in iPhones, has verilog designs:</p>
|
||
</div>
|
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<div class="quoteblock">
|
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<blockquote>
|
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<div class="paragraph">
|
||
<p>The A12 features an Apple-designed 64-bit ARMv8.3-A six-core CPU, with two high-performance cores running at 2.49 GHz called Vortex and four energy-efficient cores called Tempest.</p>
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<p>ARM designed CPUs however are mostly called <code>Coretx-A<id></code>: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_applications_of_ARM_cores" class="bare">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_applications_of_ARM_cores</a> Vortex and Tempest are Apple designed ones.
|
||
Bibliography: <a href="https://www.quora.com/Why-is-it-that-you-need-a-license-from-ARM-to-design-an-ARM-CPU-How-are-the-instruction-sets-protected" class="bare">https://www.quora.com/Why-is-it-that-you-need-a-license-from-ARM-to-design-an-ARM-CPU-How-are-the-instruction-sets-protected</a></p>
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<p>← Previous: <a href="aarch32-vs-aarch64.html">AArch32 vs AArch64</a> | ↑ Up: <a href="introduction-to-the-arm-architecture.html">Introduction to the ARM architecture</a> | ⌂ Home: <a href="README.html">Linux Kernel Module Cheat</a> | Next: <a href="arm-instruction-encodings.html">ARM instruction encodings</a> →</p>
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