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https://github.com/cirosantilli/linux-kernel-module-cheat.git
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553 lines
35 KiB
HTML
553 lines
35 KiB
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<meta name="description" content="The perfect emulation setup to study and develop the <<linux-kernel>> v5.9.2, kernel modules, <<qemu-buildroot-setup,QEMU>>, <<gem5-buildroot-setup,gem5>> and x86_64, ARMv7 and ARMv8 <<userland-assembly,userland>> and <<baremetal-setup,baremetal>> assembly, <<c,ANSI C>>, <<cpp,C++>> and <<posix,POSIX>>. EVERYTHING is built from source. <<gdb>> and <<kgdb>> just work. Powered by <<about-the-qemu-buildroot-setup,Buildroot>> and <<about-the-baremetal-setup,crosstool-NG>>. Highly automated. Thoroughly documented. Automated <<test-this-repo,tests>>. "Tested" in an Ubuntu 20.04 host.">
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<title>Linux Kernel Module Cheat</title>
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</head>
|
||
<body id="x86-cpuid-instruction" class="article">
|
||
<div id="header">
|
||
<h1>Linux Kernel Module Cheat</h1>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="content">
|
||
<div class="sect3">
|
||
<h4 id="x86-cpuid-instruction"><a class="anchor" href="#x86-cpuid-instruction"></a><a class="link" href="#x86-cpuid-instruction">29.10.1. x86 CPUID instruction</a></h4>
|
||
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
<p>Example: <a href="https://github.com/cirosantilli/linux-kernel-module-cheat/blob/master/userland/arch/x86_64/cpuid.S">userland/arch/x86_64/cpuid.S</a></p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
<p>Fills EAX, EBX, ECX and EDX with CPU information.</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
<p>The exact data to show depends on the value of EAX, and for a few cases instructions ECX. When it depends on ECX, it is called a sub-leaf. Out test program prints <code>eax == 0</code>.</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
<p>On <a href="p51.html">2017 Lenovo ThinkPad P51</a> for example the output EAX, EBX, ECX and EDX are:</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="literalblock">
|
||
<div class="content">
|
||
<pre>0x00000016
|
||
0x756E6547
|
||
0x6C65746E
|
||
0x49656E69</pre>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
<p>EBX and ECX are easy to interpret:</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="ulist">
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<p>EBX: 75 6e 65 47 == 'u', 'n', 'e', 'G' in ASCII</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<p>ECX: 6C 65 74 6E == 'l', 'e', 't', 'n'</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
<p>so we see the string <code>Genu ntel</code> which is a shorthand for "Genuine Intel". Ha, I wonder if they had serious CPU pirating problems in the past? :-)</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
<p>Information available includes:</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="ulist">
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<p>vendor</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<p>version</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<p>features (mmx, simd, rdrand, etc.) <<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CPUID#" class="bare">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CPUID#</a> EAX.3D1:_Processor_Info_and_Feature_Bits></p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<p>caches</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<p>tlbs <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Translation_lookaside_buffer" class="bare">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Translation_lookaside_buffer</a></p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
<p>The cool thing about this instruction is that it allows you to check the CPU specs and take alternative actions based on that inside your program.</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
<p>On Linux, the capacity part of this information is parsed and made available at <code>cat /proc/cpuinfo</code>. See: <a href="http://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/43539/what-do-the-flags-in-proc-cpuinfo-mean" class="bare">http://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/43539/what-do-the-flags-in-proc-cpuinfo-mean</a></p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
<p>There is also the <code>cpuinfo</code> command line tool that parses the CPUID instruction from the command line. Source: <a href="http://www.etallen.com/cpuid.html" class="bare">http://www.etallen.com/cpuid.html</a></p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="ulist">
|
||
<ul>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
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|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="paragraph nav-footer">
|
||
<p>↑ Up: <a href="x86-random-number-generator-instructions.html">x86 random number generator instructions</a> | ⌂ Home: <a href="README.html">Linux Kernel Module Cheat</a> | Next: <a href="x86-x87-fpu-instructions.html">x86 x87 FPU instructions</a> →</p>
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