184 lines
3.9 KiB
Plaintext
184 lines
3.9 KiB
Plaintext
= Docker Build Optimization
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:source-highlighter: highlightjs
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== Why Optimize Docker Builds?
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* Faster build times
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* Reduced image size
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== Optimization Strategies
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* Reordering
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* Combining
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* Mounting and local Cache
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* Multi-stage builds
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* Choose of base image
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* Clean docker build context
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* Remote Caching
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== Demo
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=== Base Image
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[source,docker]
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----
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include::../.docker-files/0-origin.Dockerfile[]
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----
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[.notes]
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--
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* showcase before applying any optimization strategies.
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docker build -f .docker-files/0-origin.Dockerfile -t demo/base .
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docker build -f .docker-files/0-origin.Dockerfile -t demo/base .
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touch foo
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docker build -f .docker-files/0-origin.Dockerfile -t demo/base .
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dive demo/base
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--
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=== Reordering
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[source,docker]
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----
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include::../.docker-files/1-reordering.Dockerfile[]
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----
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[.notes]
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--
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* significantly optimize build times by utilizing layer caching efficiently.
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docker build -f .docker-files/1-reordering.Dockerfile -t demo/reorder .
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docker build -f .docker-files/1-reordering.Dockerfile -t demo/reorder .
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touch bar
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docker build -f .docker-files/1-reordering.Dockerfile -t demo/reorder .
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dive demo/reorder
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--
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=== Combining
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[source,docker]
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----
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include::../.docker-files/2-combining.Dockerfile[]
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----
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[.notes]
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--
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* Combining multiple commands into a single RUN instruction reduces the number of image layers.
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* fewer layers improve performance and efficiency.
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docker build -f .docker-files/2-combining.Dockerfile -t demo/combine .
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dive demo/combine
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--
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=== Mounting and local Cache
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[source,docker]
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----
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include::../.docker-files/3-mounting.Dockerfile[]
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----
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[.notes]
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--
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* mounting and local caching optimize e.g. package installations during builds.
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docker build -f .docker-files/3-mounting.Dockerfile -t demo/mounts .
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* extend intall package list
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docker build -f .docker-files/3-mounting.Dockerfile -t demo/mounts-2 .
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dive demo/mounts
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--
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=== Multi-stage builds
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[source,docker]
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----
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include::../.docker-files/4-multi-stage.Dockerfile[]
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----
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[.notes]
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--
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* create smaller images by separating the build environment from the final application image.
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docker build -f .docker-files/4-multi-stage.Dockerfile -t demo/multistage .
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dive demo/multistage
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--
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=== Choose of base image
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[source,docker]
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----
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include::../.docker-files/5-base-image.Dockerfile[]
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----
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[.notes]
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--
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* base image can significantly impact the final image size and functionality.
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docker build -f .docker-files/5-base-image.Dockerfile -t demo/alpine .
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dive demo/alpine
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--
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=== Using pinned image
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[source,docker]
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----
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include::../.docker-files/6-pinimage.Dockerfile[]
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----
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[.notes]
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--
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* Pinning versions of the base image and dependencies ensures consistency and reproducibility.
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--
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== Clean docker build context
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* The `.dockerignore` file excludes unnecessary files from the build context
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[source,plaintext]
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```
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.git
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.gitignore
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.dockerignore
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*.log
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tmp/*
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```
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== Remote Caching
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* other build driver like https://docs.docker.com/build/drivers/[`docker-container`^] supports cache export
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[source,shell]
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----
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docker buildx build \
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--cache-from myapp:cache \
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--cache-to myapp:cache \
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-t myapp:latest \
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.
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----
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* Kaniko is a tool to build container images from a Dockerfile, inside a container or Kubernetes cluster.
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[source,shell]
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----
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kaniko build --cache=true -f Dockerfile.
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----
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[.notes]
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--
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* It's designed to work without Docker daemon
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* making it suitable for environments with restricted access.
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--
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== Resources
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* Docker Documentation: https://docs.docker.com/
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* Docker Build Best Practices:
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** https://docs.docker.com/develop/develop-images/dockerfile_best-practices/
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** https://docs.docker.com/build/cache/
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* .dockerignore Documentation: https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/builder/#dockerignore-file
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* Remote Caching with Buildx: https://docs.docker.com/build/cache/backends/
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* Kaniko GitHub Repository: https://github.com/GoogleContainerTools/kaniko
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* Alpine Linux: https://alpinelinux.org/
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* Dive - A tool for exploring each layer in a Docker image: https://github.com/wagoodman/dive
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