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https://github.com/cirosantilli/linux-kernel-module-cheat.git
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610 lines
37 KiB
HTML
610 lines
37 KiB
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<meta name="description" content="The perfect emulation setup to study and develop the <<linux-kernel>> v5.9.2, kernel modules, <<qemu-buildroot-setup,QEMU>>, <<gem5-buildroot-setup,gem5>> and x86_64, ARMv7 and ARMv8 <<userland-assembly,userland>> and <<baremetal-setup,baremetal>> assembly, <<c,ANSI C>>, <<cpp,C++>> and <<posix,POSIX>>. EVERYTHING is built from source. <<gdb>> and <<kgdb>> just work. Powered by <<about-the-qemu-buildroot-setup,Buildroot>> and <<about-the-baremetal-setup,crosstool-NG>>. Highly automated. Thoroughly documented. Automated <<test-this-repo,tests>>. "Tested" in an Ubuntu 20.04 host.">
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<title>Linux Kernel Module Cheat</title>
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</head>
|
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<body id="gem5-tracing" class="article">
|
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<div id="header">
|
||
<h1>Linux Kernel Module Cheat</h1>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="content">
|
||
<div class="sect3">
|
||
<h4 id="gem5-tracing"><a class="anchor" href="#gem5-tracing"></a><a class="link" href="#gem5-tracing">23.9.8. gem5 tracing</a></h4>
|
||
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
<p>gem5 provides also provides a tracing mechanism documented at: <a href="http://www.gem5.org/Trace_Based_Debugging" class="bare">http://www.gem5.org/Trace_Based_Debugging</a>:</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="literalblock">
|
||
<div class="content">
|
||
<pre>./run --arch aarch64 --eval 'm5 exit' --emulator gem5 --trace ExecAll
|
||
less "$(./getvar --arch aarch64 run_dir)/trace.txt"</pre>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
<p>Our wrapper just forwards the options to the <code>--debug-flags</code> gem5 option.</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
<p>Keep in mind however that the disassembly is very broken in several places as of 2019q2, so you can’t always trust it.</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
<p>Output the trace to stdout instead of a file:</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="literalblock">
|
||
<div class="content">
|
||
<pre>./run \
|
||
--arch aarch64 \
|
||
--emulator gem5 \
|
||
--eval 'm5 exit' \
|
||
--trace ExecAll \
|
||
--trace-stdout \
|
||
;</pre>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
<p>We also have a shortcut for <code>--trace ExecAll -trace-stdout</code> with <code>--trace-insts-stdout</code></p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="literalblock">
|
||
<div class="content">
|
||
<pre>./run \
|
||
--arch aarch64 \
|
||
--emulator gem5 \
|
||
--eval 'm5 exit' \
|
||
--trace-insts-stdout \
|
||
;</pre>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
<p>Be warned, the trace is humongous, at 16Gb.</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
<p>This would produce a lot of output however, so you will likely not want that when tracing a Linux kernel boot instructions. But it can be very convenient for smaller traces such as <a href="baremetal.html">Baremetal</a>.</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
<p>List all available debug flags:</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="literalblock">
|
||
<div class="content">
|
||
<pre>./run --arch aarch64 --gem5-exe-args='--debug-help' --emulator gem5</pre>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
<p>but to understand most of them you have to look at the source code:</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="literalblock">
|
||
<div class="content">
|
||
<pre>less "$(./getvar gem5_source_dir)/src/cpu/SConscript"
|
||
less "$(./getvar gem5_source_dir)/src/cpu/exetrace.cc"</pre>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
<p>The most important trace flags to know about are:</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="ulist">
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<p><a href="gem5-execall-trace-format.html"><code>ExecAll</code></a></p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<p><code>Faults</code>: CPU exceptions / interrupts, see an example at: <a href="arm-svc-instruction.html">ARM SVC instruction</a></p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<p><a href="gem5-registers-trace-format.html"><code>Registers</code></a></p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<p><a href="gem5-syscall-emulation-mode-syscall-tracing.html"><code>SyscallBase</code>, <code>SyscallVerbose</code></a></p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
<p>Trace internals are discussed at: <a href="gem5-trace-internals.html">gem5 trace internals</a>.</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
<p>As can be seen on the <code>Sconstruct</code>, <code>Exec</code> is just an alias that enables a set of flags.</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
<p>We can make the trace smaller by naming the trace file as <code>trace.txt.gz</code>, which enables GZIP compression, but that is not currently exposed on our scripts, since you usually just need something human readable to work on.</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
<p>Enabling tracing made the runtime about 4x slower on the <a href="p51.html">2017 Lenovo ThinkPad P51</a>, with or without <code>.gz</code> compression.</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
<p>Trace the source lines just like <a href="trace-source-lines.html">for QEMU</a> with:</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="literalblock">
|
||
<div class="content">
|
||
<pre>./trace-boot --arch aarch64 --emulator gem5
|
||
./trace2line --arch aarch64 --emulator gem5
|
||
less "$(./getvar --arch aarch64 run_dir)/trace-lines.txt"</pre>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
<p>TODO: 7452d399290c9c1fc6366cdad129ef442f323564 <code>./trace2line</code> this is too slow and takes hours. QEMU’s processing of 170k events takes 7 seconds. gem5’s processing is analogous, but there are 140M events, so it should take 7000 seconds ~ 2 hours which seems consistent with what I observe, so maybe there is no way to speed this up…​ The workaround is to just use gem5’s <code>ExecSymbol</code> to get function granularity, and then GDB individually if line detail is needed?</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="ulist">
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<p><a href="gem5-trace-internals.html">gem5 trace internals</a></p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<p><a href="gem5-execall-trace-format.html">gem5 ExecAll trace format</a></p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<p><a href="gem5-registers-trace-format.html">gem5 Registers trace format</a></p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<p><a href="gem5-tarmac-traces.html">gem5 TARMAC traces</a></p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<p><a href="gem5-tracing-internals.html">gem5 tracing internals</a></p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="paragraph nav-footer">
|
||
<p>← Previous: <a href="qemu-get-guest-instruction-count.html">QEMU get guest instruction count</a> | ↑ Up: <a href="tracing.html">Tracing</a> | ⌂ Home: <a href="README.html">Linux Kernel Module Cheat</a> | Next: <a href="gem5-trace-internals.html">gem5 trace internals</a> →</p>
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