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https://github.com/cirosantilli/linux-kernel-module-cheat.git
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642 lines
37 KiB
HTML
642 lines
37 KiB
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<meta name="description" content="The perfect emulation setup to study and develop the <<linux-kernel>> v5.9.2, kernel modules, <<qemu-buildroot-setup,QEMU>>, <<gem5-buildroot-setup,gem5>> and x86_64, ARMv7 and ARMv8 <<userland-assembly,userland>> and <<baremetal-setup,baremetal>> assembly, <<c,ANSI C>>, <<cpp,C++>> and <<posix,POSIX>>. EVERYTHING is built from source. <<gdb>> and <<kgdb>> just work. Powered by <<about-the-qemu-buildroot-setup,Buildroot>> and <<about-the-baremetal-setup,crosstool-NG>>. Highly automated. Thoroughly documented. Automated <<test-this-repo,tests>>. "Tested" in an Ubuntu 20.04 host.">
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<title>Linux Kernel Module Cheat</title>
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</head>
|
||
<body id="gem5-minorcpu-default-functional-units" class="article">
|
||
<div id="header">
|
||
<h1>Linux Kernel Module Cheat</h1>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="content">
|
||
<div class="sect4">
|
||
<h5 id="gem5-minorcpu-default-functional-units"><a class="anchor" href="#gem5-minorcpu-default-functional-units"></a><a class="link" href="#gem5-minorcpu-default-functional-units">24.22.7.1. gem5 <code>MinorCPU</code> default functional units</a></h5>
|
||
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
<p>Which units are available is visible for example on the <a href="gem5-config-ini.html">gem5 config.ini</a> of a <a href="gem5-minorcpu.html">gem5 MinorCPU</a> run. Functional units are not present in simple CPUs like <a href="gem5-timingsimplecpu.html">gem5 <code>TimingSimpleCPU</code></a>.</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
<p>For example, on gem5 872cb227fdc0b4d60acc7840889d567a6936b6e1, the <code>config.ini</code> of a minor run:</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="literalblock">
|
||
<div class="content">
|
||
<pre>./run \
|
||
--arch aarch64 \
|
||
--emulator gem5 \
|
||
--userland userland/arch/aarch64/freestanding/linux/hello.S \
|
||
--trace-insts-stdout \
|
||
-- \
|
||
--cpu-type MinorCPU \
|
||
--caches</pre>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
<p>contains:</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="literalblock">
|
||
<div class="content">
|
||
<pre>[system.cpu]
|
||
type=MinorCPU
|
||
children=branchPred dcache dtb executeFuncUnits icache interrupts isa itb power_state tracer workload
|
||
executeInputWidth=2
|
||
executeIssueLimit=2</pre>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
<p>Here also note the <code>executeInputWidth=2</code> and <code>executeIssueLimit=2</code> suggesting that this is a <a href="superscalar-processor.html">dual issue superscalar processor</a>.</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
<p>The <code>system.cpu</code> points to:</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="literalblock">
|
||
<div class="content">
|
||
<pre>[system.cpu.executeFuncUnits]
|
||
type=MinorFUPool
|
||
children=funcUnits0 funcUnits1 funcUnits2 funcUnits3 funcUnits4 funcUnits5 funcUnits6 funcUnits7</pre>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
<p>and the two first units are in full:</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="literalblock">
|
||
<div class="content">
|
||
<pre>[system.cpu.executeFuncUnits.funcUnits0]
|
||
type=MinorFU
|
||
children=opClasses timings
|
||
opClasses=system.cpu.executeFuncUnits.funcUnits0.opClasses
|
||
opLat=3
|
||
|
||
[system.cpu.executeFuncUnits.funcUnits0.opClasses]
|
||
type=MinorOpClassSet
|
||
children=opClasses
|
||
|
||
[system.cpu.executeFuncUnits.funcUnits0.opClasses.opClasses]
|
||
type=MinorOpClass
|
||
opClass=IntAlu</pre>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
<p>and:</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="literalblock">
|
||
<div class="content">
|
||
<pre>[system.cpu.executeFuncUnits.funcUnits1]
|
||
type=MinorFU
|
||
children=opClasses timings
|
||
opLat=3
|
||
|
||
[system.cpu.executeFuncUnits.funcUnits1.opClasses]
|
||
type=MinorOpClassSet
|
||
children=opClasses
|
||
opClasses=system.cpu.executeFuncUnits.funcUnits1.opClasses.opClasses
|
||
|
||
[system.cpu.executeFuncUnits.funcUnits1.opClasses.opClasses]
|
||
type=MinorOpClass
|
||
opClass=IntAlu</pre>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
<p>So we understand that both:</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="ulist">
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<p>the first and second functional units are <code>IntAlu</code>, so doing integer arithmetic operations</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<p>both have a latency of 3</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<p>each functional unit can have a set of <code>opClass</code> with more than one type. Those first two units just happen to have a single type.</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
<p>The full list is:</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="ulist">
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<p>0, 1: <code>IntAlu</code>, <code>opLat=3</code></p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<p>2: <code>IntMult</code>, <code>opLat=3</code></p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<p>3: <code>IntDiv</code>, <code>opLat=9</code>. So we see that a more complex operation such as division has higher latency.</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<p>4: <code>FloatAdd</code>, <code>FloatCmp</code>, and a gazillion other floating point related things. <code>opLat=6</code>.</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<p>5: <code>SimdPredAlu</code>: TODO SVE-related? <code>opLat=3</code></p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<p>6: <code>MemRead</code>, <code>MemWrite</code>, <code>FloatMemRead</code>, <code>FloatMemWrite</code>. <code>opLat=1</code></p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<p>7: <code>IprAccess</code> (TODO), <code>InstPrefetch</code></p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
<p>These are of course all specified in <a href="gem5-python-c-interaction.html">from the Python</a> at <code>src/cpu/minor/MinorCPU.py</code>:</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="literalblock">
|
||
<div class="content">
|
||
<pre>class MinorDefaultFUPool(MinorFUPool):
|
||
funcUnits = [MinorDefaultIntFU(), MinorDefaultIntFU(),
|
||
MinorDefaultIntMulFU(), MinorDefaultIntDivFU(),
|
||
MinorDefaultFloatSimdFU(), MinorDefaultPredFU(),
|
||
MinorDefaultMemFU(), MinorDefaultMiscFU()]</pre>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
<p>We then expect that each instruction has a certain <code>opClass</code> that determines on which unit it can run.</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
<p>For example: <code>class AddImm</code>, which is what we get on a simple <code>add x1, x2, 0</code>, sets itself as an <code>IntAluOp</code> on the constructor as expected:</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="literalblock">
|
||
<div class="content">
|
||
<pre> AddImm::AddImm(ExtMachInst machInst,
|
||
IntRegIndex _dest,
|
||
IntRegIndex _op1,
|
||
uint32_t _imm,
|
||
bool _rotC)
|
||
: DataImmOp("add", machInst, IntAluOp,
|
||
_dest, _op1, _imm, _rotC)</pre>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="ulist">
|
||
<ul>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="paragraph nav-footer">
|
||
<p>↑ Up: <a href="gem5-functional-units.html">gem5 functional units</a> | ⌂ Home: <a href="README.html">Linux Kernel Module Cheat</a> | Next: <a href="gem5-derivo3cpu-default-functional-units.html">gem5 DerivO3CPU default functional units</a> →</p>
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